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Klazomenian Sarcophagi (also Clazomenian Sarcophagi or Klazomenai Sarcophagi) are a type of ancient Greek sarcophagus named after the Ionian Greek city of Klazomenai, where most examples were found. They are made of coarse clay in shades of brown to pink. Added to the basin-like main sarcophagis is a rectangular broad frame, often covered with a white slip and then painted. The second major site for these sarcophagi is Smyrna. A few others have been found in Rhodes, Samos, Lesbos and Ephesos. They were probably produced in Klazomenai, between 550 BC (Late Archaic) and 470 BC (Early Classical).〔Ellen Schraudolph, EOS 4/1998, p. 8 dates them 550-470; Thomas Mannack, ''Griechische Vasenmalerei'', p. 135, 530 to 470/460 BC. Boardman teilt, ''Early Greek Vase Painting'', p. 149, has similar dates (''begins around 530 and lasts to the 470s'')〕 ==Manufacture and use== The large clay sarcophagi were manufactured and fired as a single piece. The workshops were probably near the cemeteries. It is assumed that the firing kilns were built over the unfired sarcophagi. Due to the relatively complex and time-consuming method of manufacture, it is unlikely that the sarcophagi were only ordered after the death of their intended occupants. Instead, they were either acquired already during their lifetimes, or simply produced in such amounts as to have stocks available when needed. The sarcophagi, with their weight of about 350 kg, then had to be transported only a short distance to the grave. The deceased was carried to the cemetery in a procession and then placed in his or her sarcophagus, which had already been inserted into the ground up to the height of its rim. For this reason, only the top parts of the sarcophagi bear decoration (if any). It was then closed with a stone slab. After the funerary rites, a mound of sand was placed on top. The workshops that produced such objects were probably mainly specialised in making clay decorative elements for architecture.〔Schraudolph, p. 8.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Klazomenian sarcophagi」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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